Part 2: How to "open" the chip and what is inside it? Z80, Multiclet, MSP430, PIC and others

    In this article, we continue to pick chips (and if you missed the first article, it's here ).

    Under the cutter are the insides of K565RU5, Z80, KR580VM80A, MSP430F122, PIC16C505, PIC12C508, the Russian radiation-resistant microcontroller 1886BE10, STM32F103VGT6, timer 556, a new RFID chip from Metro and Multiclet tickets.

    Well, a couple of words about a more canonical method of opening microcircuits, which leaves them in working condition.

    The second way to open the chips

    We drill a small recess in the center of the chip with a


    dremel : Drop it with acid (nitric or sulfuric), and heat it to ~ 100 degrees. But here ordinary concentrated acids are not enough - you need oleum or fuming red nitric acid. The reaction ends - rinse with acetone, dry and drip the next drop. Of course, all this needs to be done under the hood in safety glasses / gas mask and gloves.

    We get the result - the crystal is open to our eyes, and remains operational, because the gold wire welded to the crystal remains intact. Maintaining operability is necessary if we want to affect the operation of the microcircuit - either connect to an accessible point in the circuit physically, or shine it with an ultraviolet laser (this way you can reset bits in flash / eeprom memory, permanently and temporarily).


    Watching


    K565RU5G is a 64 Kib dynamic memory , the heart of most amateur and not only computers in the Soviet era and the beginning of the 90s. There was also RU7 - but to get it was problematic. The Z80A is the legendary development of the Intel 8080. This photo is one of its many clones, probably produced in the GDR by MME. The crystal size is 4950x4720 µm, technological standards are 5µm. KR580VM80A as well as KR580IK80A is an analogue of Intel 8080, mass-produced in the USSR (up to the mid-90s). Compared with KR580IK80A - the crystal area has become 20% less, the periphery of the crystal has been reworked. The crystal size is 4634x4164 µm, technology 5µm. MSP430F122












    - 16-bit microcontroller Texas Instruments. What is noteworthy, the chip says that it is MSP430F123, with a large amount of memory. PIC12C508 is one of the “old” peaks, the production technology is 1200 nm, the coarsest of what you have seen in microcontrollers. The PIC16C505 is another “old” peak, and again 1200nm. A new chip from metro tickets - previously Sitronics-Mikron put NXP chips on Moscow metro tickets, since February of this year - Russian chips finally appeared. While I was looking for new chips - I had to check 168 tickets for the metro The new chip, compared to the NXP - was 20% less, but not readable by an NFC reader in modern cell phones.











    After metallization etching, it can be seen that a significant part of the chip is occupied by passive components (capacitors), and the places under the contact pads are empty. The 556 dual timer is one of the oldest circuits manufactured so far. 1886BE10 - a radiation-resistant 50MHz microcontroller developed by Milander and manufactured at the Micron plant using 180nm technology. Resistance is achieved by using ring transistors and 8 transistor memory cells. After metallization etching: In an optical microscope, transistors are not particularly worth considering: But in an electronic microscope , everything can be seen perfectly:

















    Light cylinders are tungsten via remaining after etching of the layers of metallization and dielectric. This is an X-ray spectral microanalysis - an analysis of X-ray radiation caused by electron bombardment of a sample.


    STM32 STM32F103VGT6 is one of the largest STMicroelectronics microcontrollers based on the Cortex-M3 core.
    The chip has 1Mb of flash memory and 96kb of SRAM. The crystal size is 5339x5188 µm. We wo n’t especially consider static memory at 180 nm again: An electron microscope will help us again: The MCp0411100101 multiclet is, as a first approximation, a superscalar processor (4-wide at the moment) with an extraordinary execution of instructions developed in Russia. Operating frequency - 100MHz, technology 180nm.









    The crystal size is 10.2x10.2 mm.

    After metallization etching: (Caution, a high-resolution image may kill your browser) The memory area is 21.28 µm 2 . Accordingly, each of 16 memory blocks contains 72 Kibit of memory. Obviously, error correction codes are used (72.64). The total available memory, respectively - 128 KiB. Logos: Test areas were cut off with the crystal, for example, the resolution test fell: I hope it was interesting, that’s all for now - you can subscribe to new photos in an rss subscription . Photos are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license .















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