February 19, 2009 at 11:09 Registration as an Individual Entrepreneur for freelance'er: Why and how?
- Tutorial
After my article “ Freelance: expectations, reality, recognition ”, several people at once asked me about legal issues in freelance’s work. I’ll say right away that I’m far from being a lawyer, but at one time I made out an IP for freelance, and therefore I have experience and some knowledge in this area, and I can share it. Although of course my conclusions may be wrong, and for lawyers this article will probably cause a slight smile (or a fit of irritation), I will say it again, I just want to share my experience and tell how I registered as an entrepreneur and what this piece of paper gave me.
Contrary to the general misconception, to become an individual entrepreneur turned out to be simple. The whole procedure took a week, and about a thousand rubles. First I turned to the tax office where I was taken 20 rubles and handed me a package of documents: a folder (you know such white folders, with a large inscription “CASE No.”), a questionnaire and a list of necessary documents ... I could have missed something, more than a year passed ... Then I filled out a questionnaire, assured the notary public (+ 200rub.) and took it back to the tax. In tax I was handed a receipt (600 rubles.) Which I paid in Sberbank. Bank, and a week later voila, voff is now an Individual Entrepreneur, you can say a businessman, a big man ...
Some difficulty arose with the choice of type of activity, because there is no such type of activity as website development. After a long leafing through the directory with the listed types of activities and their codes (OKVED - All-Russian Classifier of Economic Activities) I chose number 72.20 (Software Development and Consulting in this area) and 72.60 (Other activities related to the use of computer and information technologies). This is not a licensed type of activity, which means you won’t have to bother with any licenses.
And of course, taxation. I chose a simplified tax system. It is of two types:
I chose the first option, because the costs are not that big, and reporting on the costs is not a simple matter, I think (I hate to keep checks).
To top off your entrepreneurial image, it would be nice to order yourself a seal, which we will put on the contract. Seals can be ordered for every taste and color, in any desk of the “Seals and stamps” type from 200 and above rubles.
As you know, you can take money from a client in two ways:
One thing you need to know here, the fact is that when a client gives you money, he must account for these expenses to the accounting department (well, or tax), and he needs a check from you, which brings us to the problem: where to get the checks from.
If you accept money in cash, then you need a cash register, and this thing is not cheap, it costs from 15,000 real Russian rubles and higher ... So I personally swept the cash off immediately and accepted payments only in the second way: by bank transfer. Everything is much simpler here. You need an entrepreneurial account at any bank (I settled on the Bank of Moscow). To issue an account, they give you a package of documents, you collect, fill out, certify and open an account. Prices are different everywhere, but personally I pay 500 rubles a month for servicing an account, and about 2 percent for withdrawing money. Although if the money is not withdrawn from a bank, but transferred to a credit card (provided that the Bank of Moscow credit card), then 2% turns into 0.2%, which is good. When choosing a bank, pay attention to their Internet services. In the same Bank of Moscow there is a wonderful thing “Internet Banking”,
The first thing that surprised me was that employers do not like cashless payments, and do not like to sign contracts ... With contracts, it’s clear that sending contracts is still time, and most often there is no time. As for cashless payments, I still didn’t understand what the problem was, but the fact remains that during the year I worked as a freelancer, I used my entrepreneurial opportunities four times, and even then for local (non-freelacne'ersky) orders.
As a result, it is worth registering an enterprise if you intend to provide services not only remotely, but also for companies from your city. Here, of course, it is possible without entrepreneurship, under an employment contract, but this is a matter of prestige. If you position yourself as a studio, then it is better to be a private entrepreneur, if as a free artist, then an employment contract is enough, but not every company will deal with a free artist ...
Decor
Contrary to the general misconception, to become an individual entrepreneur turned out to be simple. The whole procedure took a week, and about a thousand rubles. First I turned to the tax office where I was taken 20 rubles and handed me a package of documents: a folder (you know such white folders, with a large inscription “CASE No.”), a questionnaire and a list of necessary documents ... I could have missed something, more than a year passed ... Then I filled out a questionnaire, assured the notary public (+ 200rub.) and took it back to the tax. In tax I was handed a receipt (600 rubles.) Which I paid in Sberbank. Bank, and a week later voila, voff is now an Individual Entrepreneur, you can say a businessman, a big man ...
Some difficulty arose with the choice of type of activity, because there is no such type of activity as website development. After a long leafing through the directory with the listed types of activities and their codes (OKVED - All-Russian Classifier of Economic Activities) I chose number 72.20 (Software Development and Consulting in this area) and 72.60 (Other activities related to the use of computer and information technologies). This is not a licensed type of activity, which means you won’t have to bother with any licenses.
And of course, taxation. I chose a simplified tax system. It is of two types:
- You pay 6% of the total turnover (that is, of all the money you earn)
- You pay 15%, but only on income (Whole turnover minus expenses)
I chose the first option, because the costs are not that big, and reporting on the costs is not a simple matter, I think (I hate to keep checks).
To top off your entrepreneurial image, it would be nice to order yourself a seal, which we will put on the contract. Seals can be ordered for every taste and color, in any desk of the “Seals and stamps” type from 200 and above rubles.
Acceptance of payments.
As you know, you can take money from a client in two ways:
- In cash
- Bank transfer
One thing you need to know here, the fact is that when a client gives you money, he must account for these expenses to the accounting department (well, or tax), and he needs a check from you, which brings us to the problem: where to get the checks from.
If you accept money in cash, then you need a cash register, and this thing is not cheap, it costs from 15,000 real Russian rubles and higher ... So I personally swept the cash off immediately and accepted payments only in the second way: by bank transfer. Everything is much simpler here. You need an entrepreneurial account at any bank (I settled on the Bank of Moscow). To issue an account, they give you a package of documents, you collect, fill out, certify and open an account. Prices are different everywhere, but personally I pay 500 rubles a month for servicing an account, and about 2 percent for withdrawing money. Although if the money is not withdrawn from a bank, but transferred to a credit card (provided that the Bank of Moscow credit card), then 2% turns into 0.2%, which is good. When choosing a bank, pay attention to their Internet services. In the same Bank of Moscow there is a wonderful thing “Internet Banking”,
But is it necessary?
The first thing that surprised me was that employers do not like cashless payments, and do not like to sign contracts ... With contracts, it’s clear that sending contracts is still time, and most often there is no time. As for cashless payments, I still didn’t understand what the problem was, but the fact remains that during the year I worked as a freelancer, I used my entrepreneurial opportunities four times, and even then for local (non-freelacne'ersky) orders.
As a result, it is worth registering an enterprise if you intend to provide services not only remotely, but also for companies from your city. Here, of course, it is possible without entrepreneurship, under an employment contract, but this is a matter of prestige. If you position yourself as a studio, then it is better to be a private entrepreneur, if as a free artist, then an employment contract is enough, but not every company will deal with a free artist ...