May 12, 2019 at 11:17Electric circuits. Circuit types
Hi Habr!
More often in articles instead of electrical circuits they give colorful pictures, because of this there are disputes in the comments.
In this regard, I decided to write a small educational article on the types of electrical circuits classified in the Unified System for Design Documentation (ESKD) .
Throughout the article I will rely on ESKD.
Consider GOST 2.701-2008 Unified system for design documentation (ESKD). Schemes. Types and types. General requirements for implementation .
This GOST introduces the concepts of:
- type of scheme - a classification group of schemes, distinguished by signs of the principle of action, composition of the product and the relations between its component parts;
- type of scheme - classification grouping, distinguished according to their main purpose.
Immediately agree that we will have only one type of circuit - the electrical circuit (E) .
We will understand what types of circuits are described in this GOST.
| Type of circuit | Definition | Schema Type Code |
|---|---|---|
| Structural scheme | A document defining the main functional parts of the product, their purpose and relationships | 1 |
| Functional diagram | A document explaining the processes occurring in individual functional circuits of the product (installation) or product (installation) as a whole | 2 |
| Schematic diagram (full) | A document defining the full composition of the elements and the relationship between them and, as a rule, giving a complete (detailed) understanding of the principles of operation of the product (installation) | 3 |
| Connection diagram (mounting) | A document showing the connections of the component parts of the product (installation) and identifying the wires, bundles, cables or pipelines by which these connections are made, as well as the places of their connections and input (connectors, boards, clamps, etc.) | 4 |
| Wiring diagram | Document showing product external connections | 5 |
| General scheme | A document defining the components of the complex and their interconnection at the place of operation | 6 |
| Layout | A document that determines the relative location of the components of the product (installation), and, if necessary, also bundles (wires, cables), pipelines, optical fibers, etc. | 7 |
| Integrated circuit | A document containing elements of various types of schemes of the same type | 0 |
| NOTE The names of the types of circuits indicated in brackets are set for electrical circuits of power facilities. | ||
Next, we consider each type of circuit in more detail as applied to electrical circuits.
Main document: GOST 2.702-2011 Unified system for design documentation (ESKD). Rules for the implementation of electrical circuits .
So, what is it and what do these electrical circuits “eat” with?
GOST 2.702-2011 will give us the answer: An electrical circuit is a document containing, in the form of conditional images or designations, the components of a product acting with the help of electrical energy, and their relationship .
Electric circuits, depending on the main purpose, are divided into the following types:
Electrical structural diagram (E1)
The structural diagram depicts all the main functional parts of the product (elements, devices and functional groups) and the main relationships between them. The graphic construction of the circuit should provide the best idea of the sequence of interaction of the functional parts in the product. On the lines of relationships it is recommended that the arrows indicate the direction of the processes occurring in the product.
An example of an electrical structural circuit:
Functional electrical circuit (E2)
The functional diagram depicts the functional parts of the product (elements, devices, and functional groups) involved in the process illustrated by the circuit and the relationships between these parts. The graphical construction of the circuit should give the most visual representation of the sequence of processes illustrated by the circuit.
An example of an electrical functional circuit:
Schematic diagram (complete) (E3)
The circuit diagram depicts all the electrical elements or devices necessary for the implementation and control of the installed electrical processes in the product, all the electrical relationships between them, as well as the electrical elements (connectors, clamps, etc.) that terminate the input and output circuits. On the diagram, it is allowed to depict the connecting and mounting elements installed in the product for structural reasons. Schemes are performed for products that are in the off position.
An example of an electrical circuit diagram:
Electrical connection diagram (mounting) (E4)
The connection diagram should depict all the devices and elements that make up the product, their input and output elements (connectors, boards, clamps, etc.), as well as the connections between these devices and elements. The location of the graphic designations of devices and elements in the diagram should approximately correspond to the actual placement of elements and devices in the product. The location of the images of the input and output elements or conclusions inside the graphic symbols and devices or elements should approximately correspond to their actual placement in the device or element.
Example wiring diagram:
Electrical connection diagram (E5)
The wiring diagram should show the product, its input and output elements (connectors, clamps, etc.) and the ends of wires and cables (stranded wires, electrical cords) of external installation connected to them, near which the data on the product connection (characteristics external circuits and (or) addresses). Placement of images of input and output elements inside the graphic designation of the product should approximately correspond to their actual placement in the product. The diagram should indicate the positional designation of the input and output elements assigned to them in the circuit diagram of the product.
Example wiring diagram:
General electrical circuit (E6)
The general diagram depicts the devices and elements that make up the complex, as well as the wires, bundles and cables (stranded wires, electrical cords) connecting these devices and elements. The location of the graphic designations of devices and elements in the diagram should approximately correspond to the actual placement of elements and devices in the product.
An example of an electrical common circuit:
Electrical layout (E7)
The layout diagram depicts the components of the product, and if necessary, the relationship between them - the structure, room or terrain on which these components will be located.
An example of an electrical layout:
Combined electrical circuit (E0)
In this type of diagrams, various types are depicted, which are combined together in one drawing.
An example of an electrical integrated circuit:
PS
This is my first article on Habré not judge strictly.
