Which programming languages ​​are the most popular: IT platform statistics

    Each programming language has its own scope. However, some of them are used more often than others. We wondered which programming language is the most popular. To do this, we analyzed the statistics of several IT platforms: GitHub, Stack Overflow, HN, Habrahabr, etc. / photo Christiaan Colen CC Popularity is estimated by various factors. Here are just a few of them:






    • Mentions in search queries.
    • Mentioned in discussions on relevant forums.
    • The number of vacancies, training books and courses.
    • The number of projects on GitHub and similar platforms.

    For example, GitHub published a ranking of the most popular programming languages ​​by the number of pull requests (even the first pull request of Linus Torvalds was taken into account ). JavaScript leads with a wide margin with 2.3 million requests, while the next Python has 1 million. The top five include Java, Ruby and PHP.

    The popularity of JavaScript can be explained by its versatility. The language is supported by all browsers; applications for desktops and mobile platforms are written on it. However, users of Habrahabr note that the rating is not entirely objective, because many developers in C ++ and other old languages ​​do not translate their projects into GitHub.

    Stack Overflow for ranking polled64,000 developers. JavaScript also became the leader here - 61.9% of respondents program on it. Next come SQL, Java, C #, Python. True, 72.6% of respondents are engaged in web development, so such results are quite expected.

    There are ratings that take into account several parameters at once to measure popularity. TIOBE takes into account the number of specialists, training courses, third-party providers and search queries. The five leaders here look different: Java, C, C ++, C #, Python. And only JavaScript comes after them.

    The IEEE rating takes into account the number of searches, projects on GitHub, as well as references on Twitter, Stack Overflow, Reddit, Hacker News, CareerBuilder, Dice and IEEE Xplore. Interestingly, in it in fifth placeR language is located , and JavaScript was in 8th place. The first four positions were taken by C, Java, Python and C ++.

    Another interesting point that could be established is related to the salary of programmers. It turned out that developers who write in less popular languages ​​get more money. According to Stack Overflow statistics , the highest salaries for developers on Go, Scala and Objective-C are about 110 thousand dollars a year.

    But finding work related to these PLs is not so simple. The most popular languages, according to Coding Dojo, are SQL, Java, Python, JavaScript and C ++.

    As for Russia, the leading Java programmers earn the most from us. According to statistics of 2015, they receive 155,000 rubles per month.

    Stack Overflow also offers some pretty interesting statistics on the most popular programming languages ​​in the evenings. Indeed, many developers, in addition to the main work, conduct personal projects in their free time. And for them, they do not always use the usual tools. On the link you will find plots of the "intensity of use" of programming languages by the time of day.

    “In what language will you write the next project?”


    Three months ago, at the Hacker News forum, a topic was created with the question “What programming language will you use in the next project?”. The discussion has 257 comments. 178 developers answered the question.

    We have prepared statistics based on these answers. The leader of the rating - no surprises - JavaScript. It is written in 23% of the speakers. They also shared their preferences regarding frameworks - most often used by React (63%) and Vue (46%).

    But further - more interesting. The leaders of other ratings - Java, C, C ++, C # - were not even included in the top five. The second to fifth places were taken by Python (13%), Elixir (9%), Go (7%) and PHP (5%).

    Closing the top ten C #, Clojure and Lua - they are chosen by 3% of developers. Java and C ++ for their next projects choose 2% of the respondents - as much as Haskell. And the C language is 1.5%.

    Perhaps such an atypical distribution of answers is caused by the question. When people are asked about their next project, they, firstly, mean personal projects, and, secondly, they only share plans. They want to try something new, learn something, and not write in the same language that is used in the main work. Another question is whether these plans will be implemented.

    We also appreciated the development in which programming languages ​​is most often discussed in Habré. JavaScript is also the leader here - the corresponding hub has 110 thousand subscribers and a rating exceeding 280. By the number of subscribers, C ++ and Python (105 thousand subscribers) breathe in the back, but they have a lower rating - 165 and 196, respectively.

    Upcoming trends


    Hi-Tech.Mail.ru identified 4 programming languages ​​that will gain popularity between 2016 and 2025. They became R, Erlang, Go and Swift.

    In turn, TeachBeacon divided programming languages ​​into three divisions. The first is the leading Java, Javascript, Python, Ruby, PHP, C #, C ++ and Objective-C. The second division is popular, but still not mainstream programming languages. These include Scala, Go, Swift, Clojure and Haskell. Some of them may soon enter the first division. For example, Swift, which is increasingly used for development for iOS and macOS.

    Finally, there is a third division with rarely used programming languages. The most interesting are the languages ​​that have appeared recently, but are rapidly gaining popularity - Elm, Rust, Kotlin, Crystal and Elixir. They may well get into the second division, and in the future - into the first. For example, Rust is seen as a replacement for C and C ++.



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