July 5, 2013 at 10:01Secrecy of maps, coordinates and remote sensing at the household level
I work in a field that the headhunter relates to both construction and manufacturing. We are talking about engineering surveys, be it geology, geodesy, ecology. Our global task is to study the territory to create a project. When working in this industry, we come across the word “secret” through a step. The coordinates are secret, the receiver is secret, climbing over the fence is secret, taking pictures in a shopping center is also secret ...
The most interesting is that people who use this word right and left in 99% of cases (often this refers to different “structures”) don't have what exactly is secret. In this article we will talk about spatial data, which is often available due to the large number of geographic information services, and their openness.
Immediately forced to make a reservation, the article is subjective in nature and my personal opinion on the interpretation of regulatory documents. Perhaps professional lawyers will supplement (refute) my point of view in the comments.
There is a whole set of documents restricting access to classified information containing lists of objects, lists of organizations, etc., which in turn is closed by the level of secrecy. To be interested in them does not make much sense, since without access to the state secret we would never have had the opportunity to get to know him. Thus, these documents do not apply to us, ordinary citizens.
How to be guided and how to understand what to do if you fall into the hands of, for example, a high-resolution image of a plant? We have a valid document (if someone refutes me, I will only be glad), namely -Letter of the Customs Committee of the Russian Federation of August 11, 1997 N 01-15 / 15278 "On the control of the movement of cartographic, topographic, aerospace, geodetic and gravimetric materials."
Answering the first question, we turn to paragraph 10 of the document: Data (content) ... maps ... aerial photographs ... allowing to determine the purpose or location of a sensitive object - secretly.
The next paragraph 11 clarifies that not only the image of the object, but also the image of its territory is secret. Any. So, having a picture of the plant in our hands, we carefully sign it and are responsible. The problem is that without a signature or designation of the object, we cannot say that this is - personally, I can assume that this is an abstract direction in photography, a work of art. A snapshot becomes secret from the moment the object is identified.
Topographic maps and plans larger than 1: 50,000 are secret (clauses 12-14). In fact, 2 things are secret here: 1. Coordinate systems of 1942 and 1963, 2. Relief. Working in local coordinate systems is also not a salvation, you need to remember that, for example, in an urban area, any survey with an area of more than 25 km.sq. can automatically fall under the bar (i.e. 5 by 5 km). If you have to use some cards, it is better to immediately take care to remove the relief. And even better, remove all the framework design and ascribe the “scheme”, as if it didn’t sound amateurish.
Now we will discuss a very interesting item 15, which classifies the coordinates of geodetic points and “geographical objects” in SK42, as well as in any geocentric coordinate systems. In other words, by detecting by phone the contours of any object that falls under the definition of “geographical” - be it at least the border of the forest, the intersection of roads, etc., you can be held accountable. It should be borne in mind that UTM (WGS84), widely used in home navigators, is just a geocentric coordinate system. What to do? First, if possible, use local coordinate systems (well, or think up your own), secondly, do not sign objects, simply name them as points, and thirdly, remember that the accuracy of absolute positioning in GPS is an unpredictable and difficult to estimate value, depending on the whole set factors. Understand and appreciate that a point is defined more precisely than 30 meters is technically possible only if there are coordinates on that point measured from another solid point defined in WGS84. (they are very, very rarely on geographical objects, but very rarely on GHS points).
It is uninteresting to discuss points about coordinate directories - they are secret - I want to immediately turn to paragraph 21. This point inspired me to write this article in terms of the launch of the new Resource-P satellite, with a declared pixel size of a panchromatic image of 0.7 m or more.
I will give it in its entirety:
21. Primary and derived aerial photographs, except for photographic plans and photo maps, with resolution on the ground better than 2 meters of scale 1: 50,000 and larger, primary and derivative materials of special types of aerial surveys (television, infrared, microwave, radar, etc.) with a resolution on the ground better than 2 meters of any scale, covering areas q in one array on undeveloped and undeveloped territories of more than 5000 square meters. km, to cities and urban-type towns more than 75 square meters. km - secretly.
What is important here, the pictures are secret only relative to the covered area. If 75 square kilometers of development falls into the image area, this is a secret. The territory of Moscow is about 1000 square kilometers. On the verge of secret / unclassified is just one district of the city (this is to the question of why Los Angeles areas are shown as Resource-P product samples). If you’ll upload images from Google to your phone, it’s better, just in case, to calculate the size of such an image.
It is also worth remembering that materials that do not fall under the requirements of the above items also do not have an open format, and often carry the signature “Chipboard”. Those. documents are not secret, but a priori belong to some organization, therefore they cannot be used by a private person. This is described in Appendix 3, which even sports orienteering cards provide with a vulture.
The question is how do Yandex cards work then? I don’t know, most likely, all products go through the MO examination procedure and receive a conclusion on the absence of information containing state secrets. This is a question for Yandex.
Several years ago, Roskartography was going to release a document that partially lifts the above limitations. They say he went under the heading "secret." What he removed, no one knows, and it’s impossible to use it. It remains to remember what I wrote above, and to have this letter on hand to check whether it is worth storing such data or not.
The most interesting is that people who use this word right and left in 99% of cases (often this refers to different “structures”) don't have what exactly is secret. In this article we will talk about spatial data, which is often available due to the large number of geographic information services, and their openness.
Immediately forced to make a reservation, the article is subjective in nature and my personal opinion on the interpretation of regulatory documents. Perhaps professional lawyers will supplement (refute) my point of view in the comments.
There is a whole set of documents restricting access to classified information containing lists of objects, lists of organizations, etc., which in turn is closed by the level of secrecy. To be interested in them does not make much sense, since without access to the state secret we would never have had the opportunity to get to know him. Thus, these documents do not apply to us, ordinary citizens.
How to be guided and how to understand what to do if you fall into the hands of, for example, a high-resolution image of a plant? We have a valid document (if someone refutes me, I will only be glad), namely -Letter of the Customs Committee of the Russian Federation of August 11, 1997 N 01-15 / 15278 "On the control of the movement of cartographic, topographic, aerospace, geodetic and gravimetric materials."
Answering the first question, we turn to paragraph 10 of the document: Data (content) ... maps ... aerial photographs ... allowing to determine the purpose or location of a sensitive object - secretly.
The next paragraph 11 clarifies that not only the image of the object, but also the image of its territory is secret. Any. So, having a picture of the plant in our hands, we carefully sign it and are responsible. The problem is that without a signature or designation of the object, we cannot say that this is - personally, I can assume that this is an abstract direction in photography, a work of art. A snapshot becomes secret from the moment the object is identified.
Topographic maps and plans larger than 1: 50,000 are secret (clauses 12-14). In fact, 2 things are secret here: 1. Coordinate systems of 1942 and 1963, 2. Relief. Working in local coordinate systems is also not a salvation, you need to remember that, for example, in an urban area, any survey with an area of more than 25 km.sq. can automatically fall under the bar (i.e. 5 by 5 km). If you have to use some cards, it is better to immediately take care to remove the relief. And even better, remove all the framework design and ascribe the “scheme”, as if it didn’t sound amateurish.
Now we will discuss a very interesting item 15, which classifies the coordinates of geodetic points and “geographical objects” in SK42, as well as in any geocentric coordinate systems. In other words, by detecting by phone the contours of any object that falls under the definition of “geographical” - be it at least the border of the forest, the intersection of roads, etc., you can be held accountable. It should be borne in mind that UTM (WGS84), widely used in home navigators, is just a geocentric coordinate system. What to do? First, if possible, use local coordinate systems (well, or think up your own), secondly, do not sign objects, simply name them as points, and thirdly, remember that the accuracy of absolute positioning in GPS is an unpredictable and difficult to estimate value, depending on the whole set factors. Understand and appreciate that a point is defined more precisely than 30 meters is technically possible only if there are coordinates on that point measured from another solid point defined in WGS84. (they are very, very rarely on geographical objects, but very rarely on GHS points).
It is uninteresting to discuss points about coordinate directories - they are secret - I want to immediately turn to paragraph 21. This point inspired me to write this article in terms of the launch of the new Resource-P satellite, with a declared pixel size of a panchromatic image of 0.7 m or more.
I will give it in its entirety:
21. Primary and derived aerial photographs, except for photographic plans and photo maps, with resolution on the ground better than 2 meters of scale 1: 50,000 and larger, primary and derivative materials of special types of aerial surveys (television, infrared, microwave, radar, etc.) with a resolution on the ground better than 2 meters of any scale, covering areas q in one array on undeveloped and undeveloped territories of more than 5000 square meters. km, to cities and urban-type towns more than 75 square meters. km - secretly.
What is important here, the pictures are secret only relative to the covered area. If 75 square kilometers of development falls into the image area, this is a secret. The territory of Moscow is about 1000 square kilometers. On the verge of secret / unclassified is just one district of the city (this is to the question of why Los Angeles areas are shown as Resource-P product samples). If you’ll upload images from Google to your phone, it’s better, just in case, to calculate the size of such an image.
It is also worth remembering that materials that do not fall under the requirements of the above items also do not have an open format, and often carry the signature “Chipboard”. Those. documents are not secret, but a priori belong to some organization, therefore they cannot be used by a private person. This is described in Appendix 3, which even sports orienteering cards provide with a vulture.
The question is how do Yandex cards work then? I don’t know, most likely, all products go through the MO examination procedure and receive a conclusion on the absence of information containing state secrets. This is a question for Yandex.
Several years ago, Roskartography was going to release a document that partially lifts the above limitations. They say he went under the heading "secret." What he removed, no one knows, and it’s impossible to use it. It remains to remember what I wrote above, and to have this letter on hand to check whether it is worth storing such data or not.