Basic cognitive psychotechnologies: imagination, concentration, comparison, name

 Reflecting on cognitive education, he came to the inevitable conclusion that cognitive skills can (and should) be developed as well as muscle building. Better since childhood and a lifetime.
What do we think? What is the difference between human thinking and cats? How does the process of cognition work? What do cognitive skills consist of? As I did not try, but it turns out that at the heart of the whole variety of methods of cognition lies only three  four basic ways of thinking (let's call it basic cognitive psychotechnics, basic cognitive skills). Apparently, this is the minimum necessary set, since the absence of any of these psychotechnics leads to inability to a number of cognitive operations, and, conversely, the bias, hypertrophy of any of them leads to mental disorders. So, in the studio:

1. Comparison (comparison),
2. Concentration, concentration — these are the skills of both a person and our smaller brothers. Even birds have the skills of comparison, but in concentration the constrictor has no equal ...
3. Imagination (fantasy) - this is a skill that almost never occurs in animals. Only very “talented” higher mammals (dogs, cats) and primates can imagine even their subsequent actions.
4. The name - and this is the ability to give clicci to assign designations - seems to be the skill that truly distinguishes homo sapience sapience from animals. The name, designation - this is far from simple and means a transition to the abstraction of an object, denoting its concept (nomen). This is a transition to the next signaling system, it makes it possible to operate with sets of abstract concepts - texts, and this is already no cat and even a monkey (and many human beings, cho ...) can not be mastered.

It is important that memory operations (memorization and recall) - I propose not to relate to cognitive functions, since the information does not acquire new properties. Even insects can remember and remember.
Nocomments, I think everything is clear. Consider how the basic cognitive skills are laid out in these coordinates.

• Search  - sorting and comparing the desired pattern with those stored in memory.
• Decomposition - a  search in an object (system) of known components (subsystems) and their selection (focus on them).
• Combination -  sorting and keeping in memory several memories (objects, components, etc.) and imagining them together. 
• Synthesis : a combination of objects, imagination of the final result, comparison with the final result, recombination (several iterations), then focusing on the variant closest to the final result.
• Analysis : imagination, decomposition of objects, then - comparison, (comparison of properties of objects).
•  Deduction  (from general to particular) –analysis, selection of a general property, synthesis of the result with this property.
• Reduction  (reduction): analysis, selection of "unimportant" properties, synthesis of the result without these properties.
• Induction (from particular to general): analysis, comparison of properties, focus on general properties, synthesis of the result with a common property.
•  Abduction : analysis, comparison of properties, synthesis of the result with a given property ,.

 
And more complex skills:

• Design (planning): synthesis + deduction (imagination (goal setting), concentration (goal selection), imagination (decomposition of work), comparison (methods of implementation), focus on the selected steps),
• Reflection : focusing on experience, imagining an ideal result, comparison with experience, transition to designing improvements.

 
That is why cognitive education will be ten times more effective than the existing one: the student does not need to be trained in dozens of subjects, but rather hone these 3 (THREE) basic cognitive skills and teach them how to use them! Then he will figure it out himself!
It is interesting to look at these coordinates for the most famous mental illnesses.

•  Bullshit: uncontrolled imagination)).
•  Schizophrenia, multiple personality: imagination and comparisons without concentration.
•  Manic, autism: hypersensitivity.
• Paranoia: imagination and concentration without comparison.

As a result, the following questions emerged for further research:
1. What exercises are best to develop imagination, concentration and comparison in children and adults?
2. Is it possible to treat deviants of the psyche, "pumping" the missing psychotechnics?
3. Are there really only three of these psychotechnics? What could be more?
4. Is transpersonalization, group applications of these psychotechnics possible?
5. Is it possible to automate the process, and teach AI these basic skills?