December 23, 2012 at 19:25

Play with images in Python

  • Tutorial
In this article, I would like to make out various ways to convert images using Python. For examples, I decided to take some of the most famous. The article will not be anything complicated, it is focused mainly on beginners.
Test picture:


Training

import random
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw #Подключим необходимые библиотеки. 
mode = int(input('mode:')) #Считываем номер преобразования. 
image = Image.open("temp.jpg") #Открываем изображение. 
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(image) #Создаем инструмент для рисования. 
width = image.size[0] #Определяем ширину. 
height = image.size[1] #Определяем высоту. 	
pix = image.load() #Выгружаем значения пикселей.


Grayscale

To obtain this transformation, it is necessary to “average” each pixel.
if (mode == 0):
	for i in range(width):
		for j in range(height):
			a = pix[i, j][0]
			b = pix[i, j][1]
			c = pix[i, j][2]
			S = (a + b + c) // 3
			draw.point((i, j), (S, S, S))



Sepia


To get sepia, you need to calculate the average value and take some coefficient.
middle = (R + G + B) / 3
First pixel value (R) = middle + 2 * k
Second pixel value (G) = middle + k
Third pixel value (B) = middle
if (mode == 1):
	depth = int(input('depth:'))
	for i in range(width):
		for j in range(height):
			a = pix[i, j][0]
			b = pix[i, j][1]
			c = pix[i, j][2]
			S = (a + b + c) // 3
			a = S + depth * 2
			b = S + depth
			c = S
			if (a > 255):
				a = 255
			if (b > 255):
				b = 255
			if (c > 255):
				c = 255
			draw.point((i, j), (a, b, c))


depth = 30

Negative

Now we will learn how to get negative.
It is very simple, just subtract each pixel value from 255.
if (mode == 2):
	for i in range(width):
		for j in range(height):
			a = pix[i, j][0]
			b = pix[i, j][1]
			c = pix[i, j][2]
			draw.point((i, j), (255 - a, 255 - b, 255 - c))



Adding Noise

Everything is quite simple here.
We will always add some random value to the pixel. The larger the spread of these values, the more noise.
if (mode == 3):
	factor = int(input('factor:'))
	for i in range(width):
		for j in range(height):
			rand = random.randint(-factor, factor)
			a = pix[i, j][0] + rand
			b = pix[i, j][1] + rand
			c = pix[i, j][2] + rand
			if (a < 0):
				a = 0
			if (b < 0):
				b = 0
			if (c < 0):
				c = 0
			if (a > 255):
				a = 255
			if (b > 255):
				b = 255
			if (c > 255):
				c = 255
			draw.point((i, j), (a, b, c))


factor = 70

Brightness

To adjust the brightness, we will add a certain value to each pixel. If it is> 0, then the picture becomes brighter, otherwise darker.
if (mode == 4):
	factor = int(input('factor:'))
	for i in range(width):
		for j in range(height):
			a = pix[i, j][0] + factor
			b = pix[i, j][1] + factor
			c = pix[i, j][2] + factor
			if (a < 0):
				a = 0
			if (b < 0):
				b = 0
			if (c < 0):
				c = 0
			if (a > 255):
				a = 255
			if (b > 255):
				b = 255
			if (c > 255):
				c = 255
			draw.point((i, j), (a, b, c))


factor = 100

factor = -100

Black and white image

Now all the pixels must be divided into 2 groups: black and white.
To check membership in a particular group, we will look at what the pixel value is closer to: white or black.
if (mode == 5):
	factor = int(input('factor:'))
	for i in range(width):
		for j in range(height):
			a = pix[i, j][0]
			b = pix[i, j][1]
			c = pix[i, j][2]
			S = a + b + c
			if (S > (((255 + factor) // 2) * 3)):
				a, b, c = 255, 255, 255
			else:
				a, b, c = 0, 0, 0
			draw.point((i, j), (a, b, c))


factor = 100

Conclusion

Save the result and delete the brush.
image.save("ans.jpg", "JPEG")
del draw


Final code
import random
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw  
mode = int(input('mode:'))  
image = Image.open("temp.jpg")  
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(image)  
width = image.size[0]  
height = image.size[1]  	
pix = image.load() 
if (mode == 0):
	for i in range(width):
		for j in range(height):
			a = pix[i, j][0]
			b = pix[i, j][1]
			c = pix[i, j][2]
			S = (a + b + c) // 3
			draw.point((i, j), (S, S, S))
if (mode == 1):
	depth = int(input('depth:'))
	for i in range(width):
		for j in range(height):
			a = pix[i, j][0]
			b = pix[i, j][1]
			c = pix[i, j][2]
			S = (a + b + c) // 3
			a = S + depth * 2
			b = S + depth
			c = S
			if (a > 255):
				a = 255
			if (b > 255):
				b = 255
			if (c > 255):
				c = 255
			draw.point((i, j), (a, b, c))
if (mode == 2):
	for i in range(width):
		for j in range(height):
			a = pix[i, j][0]
			b = pix[i, j][1]
			c = pix[i, j][2]
			draw.point((i, j), (255 - a, 255 - b, 255 - c))
if (mode == 3):
	factor = int(input('factor:'))
	for i in range(width):
		for j in range(height):
			rand = random.randint(-factor, factor)
			a = pix[i, j][0] + rand
			b = pix[i, j][1] + rand
			c = pix[i, j][2] + rand
			if (a < 0):
				a = 0
			if (b < 0):
				b = 0
			if (c < 0):
				c = 0
			if (a > 255):
				a = 255
			if (b > 255):
				b = 255
			if (c > 255):
				c = 255
			draw.point((i, j), (a, b, c))
if (mode == 4):
	factor = int(input('factor:'))
	for i in range(width):
		for j in range(height):
			a = pix[i, j][0] + factor
			b = pix[i, j][1] + factor
			c = pix[i, j][2] + factor
			if (a < 0):
				a = 0
			if (b < 0):
				b = 0
			if (c < 0):
				c = 0
			if (a > 255):
				a = 255
			if (b > 255):
				b = 255
			if (c > 255):
				c = 255
			draw.point((i, j), (a, b, c))
if (mode == 5):
	factor = int(input('factor:'))
	for i in range(width):
		for j in range(height):
			a = pix[i, j][0]
			b = pix[i, j][1]
			c = pix[i, j][2]
			S = a + b + c
			if (S > (((255 + factor) // 2) * 3)):
				a, b, c = 255, 255, 255
			else:
				a, b, c = 0, 0, 0
			draw.point((i, j), (a, b, c))
image.save("ans.jpg", "JPEG")
del draw

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