October 14, 2014 at 20:15Retro devices, "multimedia" in the USSR. Sound recording “Music on the Ribs”, movie camera and TV
This post is inspired by the publication “Children of the Present and Gadgets of the Past” on the Mail.Ru Group blog . I propose to plunge into the era of the USSR and see how our parents copied music without torrents, recorded videos without smartphones and watched television.
The first device - sound recording device "Music on the ribs"
1950-1980
First, Western music came to the USSR on phonograph records brought from abroad. But there were very few such records, and as the Soviet Union became increasingly fenced off from the Western world in the thirties, they became even smaller. Something changed immediately after the war, when soldiers and officers who reached Germany brought along, among all kinds of trophies, also phonograph records. But it was still a drop in the bucket: there were much more people in the USSR than there were records brought from Europe, people who watched Serenade of the Solar Valley and wanted to listen to such music. And then a unique musical medium appears in the USSR: records made from old x-rays. They were called records on “bones”, on “ribs”, simply “ribs” or even “my grandmother’s skeleton”.
Such “records” creaked, hissed, but at least in some form they made it possible to hear Western music in a situation where real European and American records were not sold in the USSR, and those brought from abroad were very rare.
These were real x-rays: on them were visible chest, spines, joints. In the middle, a small round hole was made, the edges were slightly rounded with scissors - and such a record could be heard on an ordinary gramophone (gramophone). Why was x-ray photography chosen for making flexible plates? Radiographs were the cheapest and most affordable material. It was possible to buy them cheaply, or even get them for free in polyclinics and hospitals.
Since the first post-war years in large cities of the USSR — especially in Moscow and Leningrad — a whole “industry” has been created for the manufacture and sale of records on “bones”.
For several years, the music industry on the “bones” existed, avoiding reprisals from the authorities, but in the mid-fifties the reckoning finally came, and many manufacturers of records on radiographs went to camps. But some continued to manufacture them.
And only by the end of the fifties, when the reel-to-reel tape recorders that were on sale became finally publicly available, the records on the “bones” went into oblivion.
But the very fact of the existence of an underground "industry", releasing records on the "ribs" and replicating in this way almost any music, meant a lot. Duplication of records that were not available in Soviet stores continued through tape recorders throughout the sixties, seventies and eighties, until the performers got the opportunity to legally duplicate their records on records and CDs.
Video :
Movie Camera "Kiev-16U"
1950-1980,
Kiev Automation Plant named after G.I. Petrovsky (on some movie cameras the manufacturer was designated as “Tochpribor factory”) from the second half of the 1950s to the 1980s, he produced 16-mm film cameras, which were used mainly for professional purposes.
Filming apparatus “Kiev-16U”, designed for filming films on various topics and in a variety of conditions. Designed to work with 16 mm film with one-sided or two-sided perforation wound on a reel. The reel capacity is 30 m of film.
The movie camera is equipped with three lenses on a rotary turret: Vega-7 (2/20 mm), Mir-11 (2 / 12.5 mm) and Tair-41 (2/50 mm). Camera viewfinder - pass-through; focusing is carried out through a working lens, a mirror shutter and a frosted collective lens. Through non-parallax sighting allows you to shoot objects from small distances, visually assess the depth of field and expressively build each scene.
A spring-loaded drive with full winding stretches 4.5 m of film.
The shooting frequency is 12, 16, 24, 32, 48 and 64 frames / s, frame-by-frame shooting, the meter counter showing the number of films shot, as well as a large set of various accessories greatly expand the capabilities of the movie camera.
Video :
Televisions Temp-6 and Temp-7
1960-1961
Televisions of the new generation Temp-6 and Temp-7 embodied all the latest achievements of domestic and foreign television equipment of the early sixties. They were in no way inferior to the best foreign models, but in many ways they exceeded them. Both televisions are created in the design bureau of the Moscow Radio Plant, under the leadership of chief designer D. S. Kheifets. Both models are 17 tube 12 channel television receivers. The difference in the applied picture tubes and external design.
On the Temp-7 TV, due to the larger case and an improved speaker system, where one speaker is located at the bottom of the case and the other on the side, the range of reproduced audio frequencies is 80 ... 8000 Hz, on the Temp-6 TV 'it is equal to 100 ... 7000 Hz here two speakers also work in the AC, but they are on the front panel. The rated output power of the sound channel of both models is 1 W.
On the front panel under the picture tube there is a switch with rectangular buttons, used as a tonregister (Rech, Concert, Bass), as well as giving the ability to turn the power on and off and switch from one kind of work to another.
On the left side of the push-button switch is the number indicator of the switched-on television channel, and on the right side is the tuning scale for the VHF FM station.
Under the hinged lid are the knobs for adjusting the sharpness, contrast, volume control of the line frequency and frame rate. The device circuit includes: automatic high-speed gain control, automatic brightness control, automatic image size adjustment vertically and horizontally, inertial synchronization system and noise-resistant selector.
TV dimensions '' Temp-6 '' - 444x562x338 mm. Weight 28 kg.
TV dimensions '' Temp-7 '' 544x610x442 mm. Weight 43 kg.
Power consumption, when receiving TV - 175 watts, when receiving radio 60 watts.
Televisions have been successfully exported to many countries in Europe and America.
Video :
In the frame Serdyukov Gennady Fedorovich, Associate Professor, Khakass State University. N.F. Katanova, Abakan, rep. Khakassia.
Photo and video shooting was carried out in the City Montenegrin Museum, Chernogorsk, rep. Khakassia
Links :
The first device - sound recording device "Music on the ribs"
1950-1980
First, Western music came to the USSR on phonograph records brought from abroad. But there were very few such records, and as the Soviet Union became increasingly fenced off from the Western world in the thirties, they became even smaller. Something changed immediately after the war, when soldiers and officers who reached Germany brought along, among all kinds of trophies, also phonograph records. But it was still a drop in the bucket: there were much more people in the USSR than there were records brought from Europe, people who watched Serenade of the Solar Valley and wanted to listen to such music. And then a unique musical medium appears in the USSR: records made from old x-rays. They were called records on “bones”, on “ribs”, simply “ribs” or even “my grandmother’s skeleton”.
Such “records” creaked, hissed, but at least in some form they made it possible to hear Western music in a situation where real European and American records were not sold in the USSR, and those brought from abroad were very rare.
These were real x-rays: on them were visible chest, spines, joints. In the middle, a small round hole was made, the edges were slightly rounded with scissors - and such a record could be heard on an ordinary gramophone (gramophone). Why was x-ray photography chosen for making flexible plates? Radiographs were the cheapest and most affordable material. It was possible to buy them cheaply, or even get them for free in polyclinics and hospitals.
Since the first post-war years in large cities of the USSR — especially in Moscow and Leningrad — a whole “industry” has been created for the manufacture and sale of records on “bones”.
For several years, the music industry on the “bones” existed, avoiding reprisals from the authorities, but in the mid-fifties the reckoning finally came, and many manufacturers of records on radiographs went to camps. But some continued to manufacture them.
And only by the end of the fifties, when the reel-to-reel tape recorders that were on sale became finally publicly available, the records on the “bones” went into oblivion.
But the very fact of the existence of an underground "industry", releasing records on the "ribs" and replicating in this way almost any music, meant a lot. Duplication of records that were not available in Soviet stores continued through tape recorders throughout the sixties, seventies and eighties, until the performers got the opportunity to legally duplicate their records on records and CDs.
Video :
Movie Camera "Kiev-16U"
1950-1980,
Kiev Automation Plant named after G.I. Petrovsky (on some movie cameras the manufacturer was designated as “Tochpribor factory”) from the second half of the 1950s to the 1980s, he produced 16-mm film cameras, which were used mainly for professional purposes.
Filming apparatus “Kiev-16U”, designed for filming films on various topics and in a variety of conditions. Designed to work with 16 mm film with one-sided or two-sided perforation wound on a reel. The reel capacity is 30 m of film.
The movie camera is equipped with three lenses on a rotary turret: Vega-7 (2/20 mm), Mir-11 (2 / 12.5 mm) and Tair-41 (2/50 mm). Camera viewfinder - pass-through; focusing is carried out through a working lens, a mirror shutter and a frosted collective lens. Through non-parallax sighting allows you to shoot objects from small distances, visually assess the depth of field and expressively build each scene.
A spring-loaded drive with full winding stretches 4.5 m of film.
The shooting frequency is 12, 16, 24, 32, 48 and 64 frames / s, frame-by-frame shooting, the meter counter showing the number of films shot, as well as a large set of various accessories greatly expand the capabilities of the movie camera.
Video :
Televisions Temp-6 and Temp-7
1960-1961
Televisions of the new generation Temp-6 and Temp-7 embodied all the latest achievements of domestic and foreign television equipment of the early sixties. They were in no way inferior to the best foreign models, but in many ways they exceeded them. Both televisions are created in the design bureau of the Moscow Radio Plant, under the leadership of chief designer D. S. Kheifets. Both models are 17 tube 12 channel television receivers. The difference in the applied picture tubes and external design.
On the Temp-7 TV, due to the larger case and an improved speaker system, where one speaker is located at the bottom of the case and the other on the side, the range of reproduced audio frequencies is 80 ... 8000 Hz, on the Temp-6 TV 'it is equal to 100 ... 7000 Hz here two speakers also work in the AC, but they are on the front panel. The rated output power of the sound channel of both models is 1 W.
On the front panel under the picture tube there is a switch with rectangular buttons, used as a tonregister (Rech, Concert, Bass), as well as giving the ability to turn the power on and off and switch from one kind of work to another.
On the left side of the push-button switch is the number indicator of the switched-on television channel, and on the right side is the tuning scale for the VHF FM station.
Under the hinged lid are the knobs for adjusting the sharpness, contrast, volume control of the line frequency and frame rate. The device circuit includes: automatic high-speed gain control, automatic brightness control, automatic image size adjustment vertically and horizontally, inertial synchronization system and noise-resistant selector.
TV dimensions '' Temp-6 '' - 444x562x338 mm. Weight 28 kg.
TV dimensions '' Temp-7 '' 544x610x442 mm. Weight 43 kg.
Power consumption, when receiving TV - 175 watts, when receiving radio 60 watts.
Televisions have been successfully exported to many countries in Europe and America.
Video :
In the frame Serdyukov Gennady Fedorovich, Associate Professor, Khakass State University. N.F. Katanova, Abakan, rep. Khakassia.
Photo and video shooting was carried out in the City Montenegrin Museum, Chernogorsk, rep. Khakassia
Links :