Features of working with variables and literals in Perl6

my $scalarVar;
my ($var1, $var2, $var3);
my $newStr = "Это строка";
my $bigNumber = 192958238719732641028368452872938741029834612983412038471293847123641892364;
my ($a, $b, $c) = 1, 2, 3; или my ($a, $b, $c) = (1, 2, 3);

my $scalarVar;
$scalarVar = 'Строка';
$scalarVar = 25;
$scalarVar = True;

• Whole numbers.
  Integers are represented by type Int (). If the number by the number of digits exceeds the maximum number of digits of the Int () type, then it is automatically converted to the Num () type, which can hold an integer of any length without rounding (I assume that any length, because once for the sake of the experiment I got a number of length 300 thousand digits). To write numbers that are too large, you can use the '_' character to visually separate several digits in a number. For example 1_000_000, 1_0_0_0; 1_00_0, however, it is better not to use the last two options;
  
• Fractional numbers A
  fractional number is represented by the Rat () or Num () type, depending on their value. The numbers may be of the form 42.01, 10e-5. When assigning a variable too long, perl6 can round off the fractional part, but keeps the whole part unchanged, no matter how long it is (Again, I am not sure about this, but my experiments suggest that it will be so). If the result of the calculations is a very large fractional number, then the result can be returned as a value of Inf, which is a value of type Num ().
  
• Strings
  A string can be any set of uncode-characters, limited to single quotes (') or double ("). The difference between them is that in the first case there is no substitution of variables as well as special characters (such as \ n, \ t). If a line is written as 'f ф \n 1'it is, all these characters will be displayed unchanged, but if you write "f ф \n 1"it, two lines will appear on the screen: 'f f' and the line '1'.
  '\ n' This is a symbol for switching to a new line.
  
• Boolean.
  These are True and False (Mandatory with a capital letter!), Of type Bool ().
  
• References
  A variable of this type points to an existing object. Using a link, you can perform exactly the same actions as with the object itself, which it points to (for example, accessing an array element).
  The most important thing:
  

  $a = 10;
  $b = \$a;
  

  
  In this case, the variable $ b is assigned a reference to the variable $ a. If you display the value of the variable $ b, then the value of the variable $ a will be automatically taken from the link, BUT if you assign a new value to the variable $ b, $b=5;then the value 5 will be written instead of referring to the variable $ a, and not to the variable $ a itself. Those. now $ b will not contain a link, but just a number.
  
• Key-value pair
  This type is named Pair (). The constructor for pairs is '=>'. For example, it (1=>'a')creates a pair, where the key is 1, and the value for this key is 'a'. Moreover, the possible values ​​of the keys are strings (in this case 1 was automatically cast to a string type), and any scalars can be values ​​by key.
  

@mass, @colors, @names

@arr = ('a', 502, "str");
@arr2 = (10, False, True, $scalarVar);

my %hash = ('key1'=>'value1', '2'=>200, 'key10'=>True);

my @mas = ('a, 1, 'b', 2);
my %hash = @mas;

$a = ('a'=>1);
$b = ('b'=>2);
%hash = $a, $b, 'c'=>3;

• Numeric context The
  numerical context is defined using the + () construct. If the result of the expression interpreted in this context, the result is not a numerical result, then a numerical type will be converted, and if an error results as a result of the conversion, the script stops working.
  
• String Context
  String context is defined using the ~ () construct. Usually, any value can be cast to a string type, therefore, problems with this context are not expected
  
• Logical context The
  logical context is defined using the? () Construct. The result is issued according to the rules of casting to a logical type.
  

@a1 = (1, 2);
@a2 = (3, 4);
@a3 = (5, 6);

@b = (@a1, @a2, @a3);

@b = (\@a1, \@a2, \@a3)

%a = (1=>'a', 2=>'b');
@a = %a;  # (1, 'a', 2, 'b')

$a = [1, 2];
%a = $a;

$a = [1, 2];
%a = %($a);