April 28, 2009 at 11:06Deploying git server on Mac OS X Leopard
This topic is some compilation from the installation guide for gitosis on Ubuntu Server and Leopard , plus accents from me to some places where problems may arise.
Initially, suppose you already know what git is , and decide why you need to configure a remote repository for this distributed version control system.
If git is already installed, you can skip this part.
To install git, you can use the installer or install git from the ports ( MacPorts ). It seems to me more convenient the second way, because ports in the future can be easily updated to the latest version.
Download the dmg file with google code , open, run the pkg installer file and that’s it: git is already in your / usr / local /.
I will assume that you have already installed the ports . If not, install, there is nothing complicated, and continue.
We start the installation of git from the sources:
If everything went smoothly, the just compiled git is in your / opt / local / bin /. I do not accidentally mention the paths, you may need them if something goes wrong.
gitosis is a very convenient git server. By and large, this is a set of scripts that are executed when an ssh session is opened. After installation, you will receive convenient, fast, secure storage for your files. Gitosis, as I wrote above, works in conjunction with ssh. Thus, if you want to configure something “for yourself”, you have complete freedom of action: look at the current configs, fix something, fix it again, fix, finally, all the errors and smile pretty.
Download the gitosis sources and install it: If there are errors during the installation process with setuptools, we try to work around them: Most likely, the adventures with installing gitosis should have ended. Let's try to configure it.
To ensure the proper level of security for gitosis, a separate user and a separate group are set up.
1. Find the free UID and GID for the new user (let's say 401 GID and UID are free) 2. Create a git group 3. Create a git user 4. Create a home directory (the one indicated in line 3, the item earlier)
To initialize the configuration files, we need the public part of the rsa user key, which will be the first administrator. It will be clearer further. :)
1. if you have not created a key for ssh yet - we create it.
copy the key to the folder on the server that is readable by all users:
or, if we are setting up a local server
2. On behalf of our new user, we start the gitosis initialization.
You will see something like this: I’ll notice on my own that the paths were absolute, not relative . 3. Set up environment variables for the git user. You can specify your paths that echo $ PATH prints to you.
We are trying to clone the repository with the settings:
and if everything went well, you should see something like. Now you can start working with our remote repository.
First of all, we need to create a new repository and give write rights to one or more users. Add the following lines to gitosis.conf: Thus, we created the habraTeam group from the users admin and ufo, and allowed them to write to the habraProject repository. Next, in the keydir folder we need to put the public part of the rsa keys of our users: Add new files to the commit, create it with a comment and send it to the server: After executing this code, admin and ufo can write to the habraProject repository, but it does not yet exist on the server. Create a repository: Now you can add a couple of files to the project, or you can not do this, and immediately upload the skeleton to the server:
I hope this guide has helped you, even if you went through it from start to finish just for fun. I will be glad to amendments, questions, clarifications and additions.
ps For everyday work with the repository, I usually use Gitx - a very convenient utility. There are still a few bugs in it, but it copes well with everyday tasks.
Initially, suppose you already know what git is , and decide why you need to configure a remote repository for this distributed version control system.
Git installation.
If git is already installed, you can skip this part.
To install git, you can use the installer or install git from the ports ( MacPorts ). It seems to me more convenient the second way, because ports in the future can be easily updated to the latest version.
Git using the installer.
Download the dmg file with google code , open, run the pkg installer file and that’s it: git is already in your / usr / local /.
Git from ports.
I will assume that you have already installed the ports . If not, install, there is nothing complicated, and continue.
We start the installation of git from the sources:
sudo port install git-coreIf everything went smoothly, the just compiled git is in your / opt / local / bin /. I do not accidentally mention the paths, you may need them if something goes wrong.
Install gitosis.
gitosis is a very convenient git server. By and large, this is a set of scripts that are executed when an ssh session is opened. After installation, you will receive convenient, fast, secure storage for your files. Gitosis, as I wrote above, works in conjunction with ssh. Thus, if you want to configure something “for yourself”, you have complete freedom of action: look at the current configs, fix something, fix it again, fix, finally, all the errors and smile pretty.
Download the gitosis sources and install it: If there are errors during the installation process with setuptools, we try to work around them: Most likely, the adventures with installing gitosis should have ended. Let's try to configure it.
mkdir src
git clone git://eagain.net/gitosis.git
cd gitosis
sudo python setup.py installcd ..
easy_install gitosisConfigure gitosis.
To ensure the proper level of security for gitosis, a separate user and a separate group are set up.
Create a group and user.
1. Find the free UID and GID for the new user (let's say 401 GID and UID are free) 2. Create a git group 3. Create a git user 4. Create a home directory (the one indicated in line 3, the item earlier)
sudo dscl . list /Users uid
sudo dscl . list groups gidsudo dscl . create groups/git
sudo dscl . create groups/git gid 401sudo dscl . create users/git
sudo dscl . create users/git uid 401
sudo dscl . create users/git NFSHomeDirectory /Users/git
sudo dscl . create users/git gid 401
sudo dscl . create users/git UserShell /bin/bash
sudo dscl . create users/git Password '*'sudo mkdir /Users/git
sudo chown git /Users/git
sudo chgrp git /Users/gitInitialize gitosis and create a repository with configuration files.
To initialize the configuration files, we need the public part of the rsa user key, which will be the first administrator. It will be clearer further. :)
1. if you have not created a key for ssh yet - we create it.
ssh-keygen -t rsacopy the key to the folder on the server that is readable by all users:
scp ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub your.server.com:/tmp/my_key.pubor, if we are setting up a local server
cp ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub /tmp/my_key.pub2. On behalf of our new user, we start the gitosis initialization.
sudo -H -u git gitosis-init < /tmp/my_key.pubYou will see something like this: I’ll notice on my own that the paths were absolute, not relative . 3. Set up environment variables for the git user. You can specify your paths that echo $ PATH prints to you.
Initialized empty Git repository in ./
Reinitialized existing Git repository in ./sudo su git (enter your password)
echo "PATH=PATH=/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin" > ~/.ssh/enviroment
exitThe final touches.
We are trying to clone the repository with the settings:
git clone git@your.server.com:gitosis-admin.gitand if everything went well, you should see something like. Now you can start working with our remote repository.
remote: Counting objects: 5, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (4/4), done.
remote: Total 5 (delta 0), reused 5 (delta 0)
Receiving objects: 100% (5/5), done.Work with gitosis.
First of all, we need to create a new repository and give write rights to one or more users. Add the following lines to gitosis.conf: Thus, we created the habraTeam group from the users admin and ufo, and allowed them to write to the habraProject repository. Next, in the keydir folder we need to put the public part of the rsa keys of our users: Add new files to the commit, create it with a comment and send it to the server: After executing this code, admin and ufo can write to the habraProject repository, but it does not yet exist on the server. Create a repository: Now you can add a couple of files to the project, or you can not do this, and immediately upload the skeleton to the server:
[group habraTeam]
members = admin ufo
writable = habraProjectcd gitosis-admin
cp ~/ufo.pub keydir/git add keydir/ufo.pub
git commit -a -m "habraProject настроен. Можно взлетать."
git pullmkdir ../habraProject
cd ../habraProject
git init
git remote add origin git@your.server.com:habraProject.gitgit push origin master:refs/heads/masterEpilogue.
I hope this guide has helped you, even if you went through it from start to finish just for fun. I will be glad to amendments, questions, clarifications and additions.
ps For everyday work with the repository, I usually use Gitx - a very convenient utility. There are still a few bugs in it, but it copes well with everyday tasks.