Creating responsive images
- Transfer
On the Internet there are many articles on responsive logos. The most popular example is the Responsive Logos website , which shows various variations of well-known logos for different screen sizes. When I first saw it, I thought it was nothing more than a clever trick. In the end, it's just
After I read about all this, I had an idea to create a logo for our company, which would not only respond to the width of the browser, but could also change proportionally. Thus, it could be used everywhere, and the file itself would choose which version to show, depending on the specified sizes.
If you are interested, then download the latest demo or watch it on CodePen .
Next, I'm going to show you every step you need to take to create your own responsive logo. You should have a basic knowledge of SVG, as well as CSS. But there is also some good news: JavaScript is not needed at all. By and large, we just need to copy the code from one file to another.
Let's start with the development of four versions of our logo. I chose Sketch for this .
Logo options: vertical - portrait - square - horizontal
Whenever there are elements that can be found in several versions, I recommend using symbols in the Sketch editor. This will facilitate the work in the future, because SVG graphics will use the same characters (If you are not familiar with the characters in the Sketch editor, then I highly recommend an article from John Moore ).
As you can see, the logo consists of a visual element and a company name. Only in the square version I decided not to use the company name. This was done because I wanted to make the logo visible, even when it would be used as a tiny miniature 32px by 32px.
Before exporting images, we must create a new SVG file. Maybe you will be somewhat frightened by the need to create an SVG file with writing code, but in the end, there is nothing complicated here. I promise. We just need to open and close the tag:
If you look at the attributes, you will notice that the attribute is
( Note. There are also two xmlns attributes. To be honest, I don’t know exactly why they should be used, we should google it ... anyway, if you delete them, you will not be able to use any characters in the SVG, and instead receive error messages ).
Since we will use both elements as symbols in the final SVG, we must put each of them in its own domain and export it as SVG.
Put all characters in separate areas before exporting to SVG
It is extremely important that you do not export objects, but always create a new editing area. If you export items from a larger editing area, you will get strange conversion options attached to your groups. It also helps to separate all characters and remove all unused groups. Finally, pick a suitable name.
I would recommend using something like SVGOMG to reduce the file size and remove all unnecessary things. But do not delete the ID. If you have somehow identified the layers in Sketch, you can identify them by ID in the final file.
If everything is correct, then you will see a group that has the name of the editing area as the ID. We are interested in content within this group. In this example, this is a rectangle that serves as a background and the digit IX formed by a complex path (the Roman numeral 9 rotates counterclockwise by 90 degrees ... I explain just in case).
All our files are ready and can be collected together. We start by writing the tags of some characters in the final file and specify for each character a unique ID, as well as the viewBox attribute, which corresponds to the viewBox of the exported files.
Finally, insert the contents of the exported files (inside the group, named as the editing area) inside the character tags.
Everything goes according to plan. Unfortunately, if you open the file in a browser, you will not see anything. At the moment we have defined symbols, but they have not been placed anywhere else. To insert a character, you need to use the tag in the file
Let's see what happens.
First, it
We also have x , y , width, and height attributes . I think you have already guessed that these attributes determine the position and size of the displayed symbol. But the unit is not specified, how big will our symbol be? Within SVG, units of measure are determined by the attribute
Try changing the width and height attributes in CodePen . You will notice that the symbol will always correspond to the coefficient of proportionality. Fortunately, this is what is needed for our logo. If you want to change the behavior when resizing, you need an attribute called
In addition to dimensionless values, you can also use percentage values to determine the position and size of an object. To make the symbol look like a square, simply use a width of 90% and position its upper left corner 5% of the bounding box:
( Maybe you think that auto-tuning the width or height is a good idea ... but it's not. Safari and Firefox just ignore it, and Chrome does not draw anything )
For the portrait version, we need both symbols. To make sure that they scale proportionally and are always located at the same distance from the borders and relative to each other, we simply create another symbol. This symbol has its own viewBox attribute, which allows you to place our characters in the new coordinate system. To understand exactly where the characters should be placed, you can simply go back to your file and check the dimensions and distances.
Portrait version: Purple: viewBox - Red: Position - Turquoise: Width and Height
Now we need to translate all the numbers into a new character SVG, which will look like this:
When we use this symbol, we do not want its width to be 100%, so we simply scale it as a square.
Finally, the interesting part begins when we can make the image responsive. Now both characters are rendered on top of each other. To hide parts that we do not want to display, you need to add some classes to the tag
The only thing missing now is CSS to show only one version of the logo at a time. You can add a tag
In CSS, you most likely use something like
For our first two versions, by default, we will make a portrait version and show the IX version only when the image width is the same as the height. In other words, at the moment when the image changes from a portrait format to a horizontal one, we will not show the typography, but only the graphic logo.
If you create another symbol for the horizontal version, you probably want to demonstrate it, provided that the image is at least twice the height of the image. Let's see how the style changes:
That's all. We have finished creating our own responsive logo in SVG format.
Yes, I know that the vertical version is missing in the example above. The reason is that you need to perform some conversion to create the required character. I will not go into details, just give you the necessary code:
I hope that all this was useful and I, of course, would be glad to see your results.
div
for a large image sprite as a background. That was until such time as I heard a report at the Smashing Conference from MikeRiethmuller entitled “ Beyond Media Queries ”. In addition, I highly recommend reading his own article “The Great Potential of SVG ”.
I recognized two things that shook me:- When using SVG, you can drop the attribute
viewBox
and set a new coordinate system on the nested SVG elements by applying a new oneviewBox
. (Yes, I know. It sounds strange. Below I will explain in more detail). - When you use media queries inside SVG files, and then insert an image through an img tag or as a CSS background image, media queries are tied to the width of the image. Practically the same behavior as when using container queries .
The birth of an idea
After I read about all this, I had an idea to create a logo for our company, which would not only respond to the width of the browser, but could also change proportionally. Thus, it could be used everywhere, and the file itself would choose which version to show, depending on the specified sizes.
Final result
If you are interested, then download the latest demo or watch it on CodePen .
Step by step
Next, I'm going to show you every step you need to take to create your own responsive logo. You should have a basic knowledge of SVG, as well as CSS. But there is also some good news: JavaScript is not needed at all. By and large, we just need to copy the code from one file to another.
1. Logo design
Let's start with the development of four versions of our logo. I chose Sketch for this .
Logo options: vertical - portrait - square - horizontal
Whenever there are elements that can be found in several versions, I recommend using symbols in the Sketch editor. This will facilitate the work in the future, because SVG graphics will use the same characters (If you are not familiar with the characters in the Sketch editor, then I highly recommend an article from John Moore ).
As you can see, the logo consists of a visual element and a company name. Only in the square version I decided not to use the company name. This was done because I wanted to make the logo visible, even when it would be used as a tiny miniature 32px by 32px.
2. Configure SVG file
Before exporting images, we must create a new SVG file. Maybe you will be somewhat frightened by the need to create an SVG file with writing code, but in the end, there is nothing complicated here. I promise. We just need to open and close the tag:
<svgwidth=”100%”height=”100%”xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"></svg>
If you look at the attributes, you will notice that the attribute is
viewBox
missing. We only set 100% width and height. ( Note. There are also two xmlns attributes. To be honest, I don’t know exactly why they should be used, we should google it ... anyway, if you delete them, you will not be able to use any characters in the SVG, and instead receive error messages ).
3. Export SVG symbols
Since we will use both elements as symbols in the final SVG, we must put each of them in its own domain and export it as SVG.
Put all characters in separate areas before exporting to SVG
It is extremely important that you do not export objects, but always create a new editing area. If you export items from a larger editing area, you will get strange conversion options attached to your groups. It also helps to separate all characters and remove all unused groups. Finally, pick a suitable name.
See what the exported code looks like.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><svgwidth="160px"height="160px"viewBox="0 0 160 160"version="1.1"xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><!-- Generator: Sketch 49.3 (51167) - http://www.bohemiancoding.com/sketch --><title>ix</title><desc>Created with Sketch.</desc><defs></defs><gid="ix"stroke="none"stroke-width="1"fill="none"fill-rule="evenodd"><gid="Group"><rectid="Rectangle"fill="#000000"x="0"y="0"width="160"height="160"></rect><pathd="M121.660503,96.7351709 C121.734151,96.9832696 121.863036,97.1972433 122.05176,97.3853926 C120.099155,96.2334395 118.385907,94.7725157 116.523521,93.5034304 C116.668056,94.1610306 120.641392,96.3275141 120.399273,96.7729852 C120.343116,96.8910396 115.252164,93.1160643 115.178516,93.1787807 C114.862748,93.4065889 116.0356,94.6157247 115.787036,94.5594643 C115.833067,94.598201 116.741705,95.2687133 116.637676,95.378467 C116.428699,95.4559403 122.086744,99.7022111 121.589616,100.302629 C121.388004,100.53966 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I would recommend using something like SVGOMG to reduce the file size and remove all unnecessary things. But do not delete the ID. If you have somehow identified the layers in Sketch, you can identify them by ID in the final file.
Here's what your optimized file will look like.
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If everything is correct, then you will see a group that has the name of the editing area as the ID. We are interested in content within this group. In this example, this is a rectangle that serves as a background and the digit IX formed by a complex path (the Roman numeral 9 rotates counterclockwise by 90 degrees ... I explain just in case).
4. Building characters
All our files are ready and can be collected together. We start by writing the tags of some characters in the final file and specify for each character a unique ID, as well as the viewBox attribute, which corresponds to the viewBox of the exported files.
<svgwidth=”100%”height=”100%”xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><symbolid=”ix”viewBox=”00160160"><!-- Insert Symbol Content here --></symbol><symbolid=”typography”viewBox=”0014416"><!-- Insert Symbol Content here --></symbol></svg>
Finally, insert the contents of the exported files (inside the group, named as the editing area) inside the character tags.
When this is done, the file should look like this.
<svgwidth="100%"height="100%"xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><symbolid="ix"viewBox="0 0 160 160"><rectid="Rectangle"width="160"height="160"fill="#000"fill-rule="nonzero" /><pathid="X"fill="#FFF"fill-rule="nonzero"d="M121.660503,96.7351709 C121.734151,96.9832696 121.863036,97.1972433 122.05176,97.3853926 C120.099155,96.2334395 118.385907,94.7725157 116.523521,93.5034304 C116.668056,94.1610306 120.641392,96.3275141 120.399273,96.7729852 C120.343116,96.8910396 115.252164,93.1160643 115.178516,93.1787807 C114.862748,93.4065889 116.0356,94.6157247 115.787036,94.5594643 C115.833067,94.598201 116.741705,95.2687133 116.637676,95.378467 C116.428699,95.4559403 122.086744,99.7022111 121.589616,100.302629 C121.388004,100.53966 119.845988,99.127618 119.637011,99.0270872 C119.785228,99.2678076 119.957382,99.4863928 120.159915,99.6856097 C118.955762,98.9699046 117.983602,97.9802763 116.843892,97.1852534 C116.994871,97.4674773 117.20569,97.7063531 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5. Using characters
Everything goes according to plan. Unfortunately, if you open the file in a browser, you will not see anything. At the moment we have defined symbols, but they have not been placed anywhere else. To insert a character, you need to use the tag in the file
use
:<usexlink:href=”#ix”x=”0" y=”0" width=”100" height=”100”/>
Let's see what happens.
First, it
xlink: href
points to a symbol with a unique ID and will display its contents ... more precisely, not really display, but clone, and suddenly a strange thing appears called Shadow DOM . This sounds a bit strange, but don't be afraid. As long as you do not want to change anything inside the characters through CSS, you have nothing to worry about. We also have x , y , width, and height attributes . I think you have already guessed that these attributes determine the position and size of the displayed symbol. But the unit is not specified, how big will our symbol be? Within SVG, units of measure are determined by the attribute
viewBox
set in the SVG tag. Since we did not set viewBox
, but only determined the width and height (100%), the unit of measure corresponds to one pixel and our symbol will be 100 pixels wide. It doesn't matter if you change the width in the SVG. The character will always be 100 pixels wide. Try changing the width and height attributes in CodePen . You will notice that the symbol will always correspond to the coefficient of proportionality. Fortunately, this is what is needed for our logo. If you want to change the behavior when resizing, you need an attribute called
preserveAspectRatio
. Check out the SaraSoueidan article on the Coordinate System and its Transformation in SVG if you want to learn more.In addition to dimensionless values, you can also use percentage values to determine the position and size of an object. To make the symbol look like a square, simply use a width of 90% and position its upper left corner 5% of the bounding box:
<usexlink:href=”#ix”x=”5%" y=”5%" width=”90%" height=”90%”/>
( Maybe you think that auto-tuning the width or height is a good idea ... but it's not. Safari and Firefox just ignore it, and Chrome does not draw anything )
6. Combining characters inside a new character
For the portrait version, we need both symbols. To make sure that they scale proportionally and are always located at the same distance from the borders and relative to each other, we simply create another symbol. This symbol has its own viewBox attribute, which allows you to place our characters in the new coordinate system. To understand exactly where the characters should be placed, you can simply go back to your file and check the dimensions and distances.
Portrait version: Purple: viewBox - Red: Position - Turquoise: Width and Height
Now we need to translate all the numbers into a new character SVG, which will look like this:
<symbolid=”portrait”viewBox=”00160180"><usexlink:href=”#ix”x=”40" y=”32" width=”80" height=”80"/><usexlink:href=”#typo”x=”3" y=”130" width=”154" height=”16"/></symbol>
When we use this symbol, we do not want its width to be 100%, so we simply scale it as a square.
<usexlink:href=”#portrait”x=”5%" y=”5%" width=”90%" height=”90%”/>
7. Hide and show
We created three characters and used two use tags in SVG
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/></symbol><symbolid="portrait"viewBox="0 0 160 180"><usexlink:href="#ix"x="40"y="32"width="80"height="80"/><usexlink:href="#typography"x="3"y="130"width="154"height="16"/></symbol><usexlink:href="#ix"x="5%"y="5%"width="90%"height="90%"/><usexlink:href="#portrait"x="5%"y="5%"width="90%"height="90%"/></svg>
Finally, the interesting part begins when we can make the image responsive. Now both characters are rendered on top of each other. To hide parts that we do not want to display, you need to add some classes to the tag
use
.<useclass="square"xlink:href=”#ix”x=”5%”y=”5%”width=”90%”height=”90%”/><useclass="portrait"xlink:href=”#portrait”x=”5%”y=”5%”width=”90%”height=”90%”/>
The only thing missing now is CSS to show only one version of the logo at a time. You can add a tag
style
in SVG and use media queries in the same way as in a regular CSS file. In CSS, you most likely use something like
@media (min-width: 768px) {...}
that, but then you only consider the width of the image. We are interested in the proportion, rather than in width, so our media queries should be as follows: @media (min-aspect ratio: 1/2) {...}
. For our first two versions, by default, we will make a portrait version and show the IX version only when the image width is the same as the height. In other words, at the moment when the image changes from a portrait format to a horizontal one, we will not show the typography, but only the graphic logo.
<style>
.square { visibility: hidden; }
.portrait { visibility: visible; }
@media (min-aspect-ratio: 1/1) {
.square { visibility: visible; }
.portrait { visibility: hidden; }
}
</style>
If you create another symbol for the horizontal version, you probably want to demonstrate it, provided that the image is at least twice the height of the image. Let's see how the style changes:
<style>
.square,
.landscape { visibility: hidden; }
.portrait { visibility: visible; }
@media (min-aspect-ratio: 1/1) {
.portrait,
.landscape { visibility: hidden; }
.square { visibility: visible; }
}
@media (min-aspect-ratio: 2/1) {
.portrait,
.square { visibility: hidden; }
.landscape { visibility: visible; }
}
</style>
That's all. We have finished creating our own responsive logo in SVG format.
Here is the full code with three versions, starting with the portrait and ending with the horizontal
<svgwidth="100%"height="100%"xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><style>.square,
.landscape { visibility: hidden; }
.portrait { visibility: visible; }
@media (min-aspect-ratio: 1/1) {
.portrait,
.landscape { visibility: hidden; }
.square { visibility: visible; }
}
@media (min-aspect-ratio: 2/1) {
.portrait,
.square { visibility: hidden; }
.landscape { visibility: visible; }
}
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8. A bit of transformation
Yes, I know that the vertical version is missing in the example above. The reason is that you need to perform some conversion to create the required character. I will not go into details, just give you the necessary code:
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I hope that all this was useful and I, of course, would be glad to see your results.
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